One (a place value unit, 10 of which may be composed to make a ten)
Part (e.g., “What is the unknown part? 3 + ___ = 8”)
Partners to 10 (e.g., 10 and 0, 9 and 1, 8 and 2, 7 and 3, 6 and 4, 5 and 5)
Ten plus facts (e.g., 10 + 3 = 13, 10 + 5 = 15, 10 + 8 = 18)
Total (e.g., for 3 + 4 = 7 or 7 – 4 = 3, seven is the whole, or
total)
Number bond (see image to the right)
Say Ten counting (see chart below)
Make a Ten
Students need to make a ten when adding and subtracting. This prepares them for adding and subtracting bigger numbers. When adding 42 + 9 they need to make a ten by adding one to the 9 ones. They get this one from the 2 ones in 42.
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